Kupanga Mafuta ndi Gasi Ndi Kupanga

Mafuta ndi gasi amapangidwa kuchokera ku zotsalira za zamoyo zomwe zavunda mu thanthwe la sedimentary pamodzi ndi mchere wa thanthwe.Miyala iyi ikakwiriridwa ndi dothi lochulukirachulukira, zinthu zamoyo zimawola ndikusandulika kukhala mafuta ndi gasi wachilengedwe kudzera munjira za bakiteriya komanso kutentha kwambiri komanso kupanikizika.Kuphatikiza apo, mafuta ndi gasi limodzi ndi madzi zimayenda kuchokera m'thanthwe kupita moyandikana ndi miyala ya porous reservoir (yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala miyala yamchenga, miyala yamchere, kapena ma dolomite).Kusunthaku kumapitirira mpaka atakumana ndi thanthwe losasunthika.Chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa kachulukidwe, mpweya umapezeka pamwamba ndikutsatiridwa ndi mafuta ndi madzi;nkhokwe yamafuta ikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 1-2 chosonyeza magawo osiyanasiyana opangidwa ndi mpweya, mafuta ndi madzi.

Pambuyo pofufuza ndi kubowola mafuta, panthawi yopangira mafuta ndi gasi, pali njira zitatu zobwezeretsanso zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito;njira zoyambirira, zachiwiri komanso zapamwamba zochira.Mu njira yoyamba yobwezeretsa mafuta amakakamizika kumtunda ndi mphamvu ya nkhokwe, ndipo mapampu amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamene kuthamanga kwachepa.Njira zoyambira zobwezeretsa zimatengera 10% yopanga mafuta [8].Pamene nkhokwe ikukhwima ndipo ngati palibe madzi a m'madzi kuti alowe m'malo mwa mafuta opangira, madzi kapena gasi amalowetsedwa m'madzimo kuti awonjezere kupanikizika, njira iyi 2 imadziwika kuti kuchira kwachiwiri;zimabweretsa kuchira kwa 20-40 % ya mafuta oyambira omwe adasungidwa m'malo mwake.Chithunzi 1-3 chimapereka kufotokozera momveka bwino kwa njira zochiritsira zachiwiri.